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Evolution: The Creation Myth of Our Culture
David Buckna
© 2024 David Buckna. All Rights Reserved.
Part 2 of 4 Part 1 Part 3 Part 4
11. How do geologists and paleontologists explain microfossils of pollen, spores, angiosperms, gymnosperms, and at least one winged insect, in Eocambrian (Upper Precambrian) rock?
"Pollen Paradox" by Emil Silvestru and Carl Wieland
http://creation.com/pollen-paradox
"The discovery of pollen and spores in beds considered Precambrian (Proterozoic) has received brief notice in geological journals and the press." (Stainforth, R. M., "Occurance of Pollen and Spores in the Roraima Formation of Venezuela and British Guiana", Nature, 1966, 210, pp. 292-296.)
"The great majority are undeterminable as to genus and species, being mainly shreds of angiosperm wood, but there are also gymnosperm tracheids with large round bordered pits, and at least one good, winged, six-legged insect with compound eyes." (Sahni, B., "Age of the Saline Series in the Salt Range of the Punjab", Nature, 1944, 153, p. 462.)
To Sahni, this meant the Salt Range Formation must be Eocene. He later found plant fragments not only in the kallar (thin layers of saline earth) but in associated solid rock layers composed of dolomite and shale. In his report, Sahni (1945, p. x) said "stringent precautions" were taken to prevent contamination of the samples with modern organic remains. He also emphasized that samples were taken from locations where the geological evidence ruled out intrusion from younger strata.
Although modern geological reports acknowledge overthrusts in the Salt Range, they unanimously declare the Salt Range Formation to be Eocambrian, not Eocene. (Yeats et al. 1984, Butler et al. 1987, Jauné and Lillie 1988, Baker et al. 1988, Pennock et al. 1989, McDougall and Khan 1990).
McDougall, J. W., and Khan, S. H., 1990, Strike-slip faulting in a foreland fold-thrust belt: The Kalabagh Fault and Western Salt Range, Pakistan: Tectonics, v. 9, pp. 1061-1075.
http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/1990/TC009i005p01061.shtml
Eocene: dated from about 56 to 34 million years ago
Eocambrian (Upper Precambrian): dated from about 1.6 billion to 600 million years ago
12. How does evolution explain the Cambrian explosion of every major animal body plan in a single rock system? According to evolutionary age assignments, this profusion of forms occured in the lower Cambrian. Stephen Jay Gould writes: "...an elegant study, published in 1993, clearly restricts this period of phyletic flowering to a mere five million years." (Scientific American, October 1994, p. 89.) Was this enough time for evolution to perform all that invention?
http://creationsafaris.com/crev201010.htm#20101031a
http://crev.info/content/110629-complex_arthropod_eyes_found_in_early_cambrianGould noted that the Burgess Shale fossils turn the cone of increasing species diversity predicted by neo-Darwinian theory virtually upside down. Do you agree with Gould's assessment: that the disparity of the phyla precedes the diversity of species? Isn't this, in fact, backwards from Darwinian predictions?
Out of Place Marine Fossil Disrupts Evolutionary Index
13. Ian T. Taylor writes: "Levi-Setti pointed out that the second lens in the doublet of the trilobite eye was necessary in order that the lens system could work under water where the trilobites lived. Thus, these creatures living at the earliest stages of life used an optimal lens design that would require very sophisticated optical engineering procedures to develop today. If Darwin turned cold at the thought of the human eye at the end of the evolutionary cycle, what, one wonders, would he have thought of the trilobite eye near the beginning?" ("In the Minds of Men", Fifth Edition, 2003) Discuss.
http://www.creationism.org/books/TaylorInMindsMen/TaylorIMMf06.htm
14. Jellyfish consist entirely of soft body tissues. How do evolutionists explain the existence of jellyfish fossils, in view of their argument that soft body tissues of missing intermediate forms did not fossilize?
15. Is it possible to document from the fossil record the series of transitional forms that led up to any dinosaur species?
http://creationwiki.org/Dinosaur
http://www.rae.org/dragons.html
16. How does geology explain dinosaur bones with soft tissue, supposedly dated at "80 million years"? (Schweitzer et al., Science 324:626-631). View:
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2009/11/12/60minutes/main5629962.shtml
[excerpt]
Lesley Stahl: But as Mary showed us, she's been able to replicate her findings. These are pieces of an even older dinosaur--a well-preserved 80-million-year-old duckbill. When she dissolved it away in acid...
Mary Schweitzer: Let's put this under the scope here.
Lesley Stahl: Well, look... (to Schweitzer) Is that a blood vessel?
Mary Schweitzer: This is a blood vessel. You see the branches right there? And look at all of them. And it's so consistent, over and over and over again. We do this bone and it comes out and I get excited every time. I can't help it. I mean, 80 million years old!
Latest Soft Tissue Study Skirts the Issues http://www.icr.org/article/6220/
17. Evolution teaches that mammals evolved from reptiles. All mammals have three bones in the ear (and the Organ of Corti) and a single bone on each side of the lower jaw. All reptiles have a single bone in the ear and on average six bones on each side of the lower jaw. Speculate how intermediate forms could have managed to hear and chew, while the necessary restructuring was taking place and the Organ of Corti was being developed.
18. How does evolution explain pterosaurs gradually developing fully functional wings, with their long bony fourth finger? Is there any fossil evidence for their transitional forms? The same question applies to bats from a supposed non-winged ancestor.
http://www.icr.org/article/flying-reptiles-lesson-specialized/
http://www.rae.org/pteroets.html
http://www.rae.org/egscphrv.html
19. (a) Were the feathers of Archaeopteryx identical to modern flying birds? (b) Are there any undisputed true birds in the fossil record that had teeth? (c) Archaeopteryx had claws on its wings. Name three modern birds that have claws on their wings (either in the juvenile stage or as an adult).
http://creation.com/birds-fliers-from-the-beginning
http://creation.com/bird-evolution-flies-out-the-window
http://www.icr.org/article/archaeopteryx-fossil-shows-striking/
20. Describe one insect that was transitional between a non-flying insect and a flying insect.
http://www.icr.org/article/insect-fossil-flies-face-gradual-evolution/
Part 1 Part 3 Part 4
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